Scuba Diving Gear
Scuba Diving Gear
Chilly New Year's Ritual Lures Two Dozen Divers
About 25 scuba diving enthusiasts took the plunge into the 47-degree water of the American River at Lake Natoma Friday morning. SLIDESHOW: 12th Annual Polar Bear Dive
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Scuba GEAR - PRESSURE- VOLUME - MOLES - CHEM - easy best answer?
answer correctly and u get 10 points
When people go scuba diving they take a gas tank full of gases. What gases are contained in the tank? Estimate the weight of gas present in a full scuba tank?
Volume = 11 L
P = 170 atm
People have used compressed air as their breathing medium since the advent of diving in the 1950s. Its main advantage is that it is readily available and relatively inexpensive to compress into cylinders. Nevertheless, air is not the "ideal" breathing mixture for diving. With a concentration of approximately 79% nitrogen, compressed air poses two potential problems for all divers: susceptibility to nitrogen narcosis (a condition resembling alcoholic intoxication) at deeper depths; and decompression sickness (DCS). Both of these can prove fatal to a diver. In an effort to reduce the ill effects of nitrogen on divers, nitrox was developed.
Nitrox is a generic term that can be used to describe any gaseous mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. In the context of technical diving, nitox is a mixture containing more oxygen than air. The two most commonly used nitrogen-oxygen mixtures contain 32% and 36% oxygen by volume. This differs significantly from compressed air, which contains approximately 21% oxygen by volume. While an increase of 12 to 16% oxygen by volume may not seem drastic, it allows divers to significantly extend their bottom time, and decreases their risk of developing DCS.
The term "mixed-gas diving" refers to any activity in which the diver breathes a mixture other than air or nitrox. The main incentive to dive with "non-air" gas mixtures is to avoid nitrogen narcosis. One type of mixed gas diving involves the use of heliox. This (helium 79% and oxygen 21%) mixture is often used for very deep diving. Unlike nitrogen, helium is not known to have an intoxicating effect at any depth; it has a lower density than nitrogen, making it easier to breathe; and in cases of extended submersion, it improves decompression.
Since there are verious compositions, I will solve the problem for taking helox as basis, that is (helium 79% and oxygen 21%) mixture.
In your question there is no information about the temperature. Therefore I will assume it constant.
To estimate the weight (mass) of the gas mixture in the tube, we have to know the total moles of the mixture. For this we can use the STP conditions to compare (represented by the subscript 1)
P1 = 1 atm
V1 = 22.4 L
n = 1 mol
T = 0°C = 273 K
Tube conditions (represented by the subscript 2)
P1 = 170 atm
V1 = 11 L
n = ? mol
T = 0°C = 273 K
P1V1 / n1T1 = P2V2 / n2T2 (cancel T1 and T2)
(1)(22.4) / 1 = (170)(11) / n2
n2 = 1870 / 22.4 = 83.5 mol
For gases volume percentages = mole percentages
Mole of He = 83.5 x 79/100 = 66.0 mol
Mole of O2 = 83.5 x 21/100 = 17.5 mol
---------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL : .................................... 83.5 mol
Molar mass of He = 4 g/mol
Molar mass of O2 = 32 g/mol
Mass of He = 66.0 mol x 4 g/mol = 264 g
Mass of O2 = 17.5 mol x 32 g/mol = 560 g
Total mass = 824 g
Sharm El sheikh is one of the main tourist destinations with dramatic landscapes, sandy beach stretches, and adventurous under water sports. Located in Southern Sinai, Sharm el-Sheikh Sharm el sheikh has tourists during all round the year, due to its dry weather conditions.
One of the main tourist locations is the Naama Bay, having a huge a sandy beach stretch where you find many hotels, apartments, restaurants and bars. Other popular places include this beautiful island include Marina Hotel, Nature Fild School, and the Naama Bay Hotel.
After the development of civilian port, the tourism at Naama Bay has witnessed huge raise in visitors to 5.1 million from 16,000, which invited business and star hotels.
Though there are two main seasons, the weather at Sharm El-Sheikh is absolute hot and dry , so it's important to drink plenty of water and take proper protection to avoid sun burns and dehydration.
One of the most famous activities is Sharm El Sheikh scuba diving, with some of the best diving spots in the world located just a few miles from shore. Some of the popular dive sites comprise the diving sites along the coast of Sharm El Sheikh, from Ras Nasrani in the north to Ras Cathy in the south.
Ras Mohammed National Park is considered one of the finest dives of the world, it is well known for its sheer walls and huge schools of fish. This complex and absolutely unique ecosystem has over 1,000 species of fish and 150 species of corals.
Sharm El-Sheikh diving is an absolute destination for adventurous sports; one can enjoy world class water sports like snorkeling and scuba diving in the crystal clear waters, a perfect place to watch under water coral reefs with in a meter of the surface.
Rent a boat and the diving gear here and you can encounter fishes of all colors, shapes and sizes, ranging from tiny reef fishes to the real big ones that are found in the deepest part of the red sea.
Sharm El-Sheikh tours is an absolute destination for adventurous sports; one can enjoy world class water sports like snorkeling and scuba diving in the crystal clear waters, a perfect place to watch under water coral reefs with in a meter of the surface.
Sharm el-Sheikh is one of the very popular places for scientific studies, having a collection of 1000 different fish species and 250 different coral reefs. Gulf of Suez, where there are the wrecks of Thistlegorm, Dunraven and Abu Nuas is also a place worth visiting.
Tourists visiting Sharm are advised to book their hotels in Sharm El Sheikh earlier as they are popular amongst visitors there. You are guaranteed to have a great time in a fantastic place like Sharm.
Author is an extensive traveler to Egypt and various tourist destinations in Egypt. EgyptInMyPocket.com.eg- A complete Travel Egypt Vacations Guide helps in providing info about the most popular sightseeing places in Egypt.
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